The Fukushima inverse problem. Code and data to compute emissions of radioactive material at the Fukushima Dai-Ichi power plant during the Great Tohoku Earthquake of 3/11 2011. This code allows to reproduce results published at ICASSP 2013.
This code and all associated files are the supplementary material to the paper M. Martinez-Camara, I. Dokmani\'{c}, J. Ranieri, R. Scheibler, M. Vetterli, and A. Stohl, The Fukushima inverse problem, ICASSP 2013, Vancouver, 2013.
The original paper is available online and attacks the problem of estimating the magnitude and timing of radioactive release at the Fukushima Dai-Ichi power plant during the accident in March 2011.
Knowing what amount of radioactive material was released from Fukushima in March 2011 is crucial to understand the scope of the consequences. Moreover, it could be used in forward simulations to obtain accurate maps of deposition. But these data are often not publicly available, or are of questionable quality. We propose to estimate the emission waveforms by solving an inverse problem. Previous approaches rely on a detailed expert guess of how the releases appeared, and they produce a solution strongly biased by this guess. If we plant a nonexistent peak in the guess, the solution also exhibits a nonexistent peak. We propose a method based on sparse regularization that solves the Fukushima inverse problem blindly. Together with the atmospheric dispersion models and worldwide radioactivity measurements our method correctly reconstructs the times of major events during the accident, and gives plausible estimates of the released quantities of Xenon.
Do not hesitate to contact us if you have any questions or would like some help running this code!
Marta Martinez-Camara EPFL-IC-LCAV BC Building, Station 14 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Knowing what amount of radioactive material was released from Fukushima in March 2011 is crucial to understand the scope of the consequences. Moreover, it could be used in forward simulations to obtain accurate maps of deposition. But these data are often not publicly available, or are of questionable quality. We propose to estimate the emission waveforms by solving an inverse problem. Previous approaches rely on a detailed expert guess of how the releases appeared, and they produce a solution strongly biased by this guess. If we plant a nonexistent peak in the guess, the solution also exhibits a nonexistent peak. We propose a method based on sparse regularization that solves the Fukushima inverse problem blindly. Together with the atmospheric dispersion models and worldwide radioactivity measurements our method correctly reconstructs the times of major events during the accident, and gives plausible estimates of the released quantities of Xenon.
If necessary, the location of the CVX installation directory can be changed directly in makeFigures.m
All the parameters of the algorithms and simulations are described
in a detailed fashion in the comments in makeFigures.m.
If you need more detail, do not hesitate to contact us.
To recreate all four figures from the paper, follow these steps.
makeFigures
Note: We could unfortunately not release the exact position of the CTBTO stations. As a consequence, figure 2C is omitted.
matrixCleaning.m: Reduce the transport matrix until a given condition number is obtained.
reconstructFromSyntheticData_Xe.m: Simulate reconstruction error for synthetic data for different reconstruction algorithm.
reconstructSourceL1Pos.m: Reconstruct the emission source using L1 minimization with positivity constraints.
opt_routines: Directory containing all the optimization routines we use.
Data/matrixGFSXe.mat : the transport matrix
Data/measXe.mat : the measurement vector
Data/aPrioriSource.mat : the a priori source used in [1]
The scale of the y-axis of Figure 1. as published in the ICASSP proceedings is wrong. The version of the paper in this repository contains the correct figure. This code also produces the correct figure.
The exact lambda and epsilon parameters used to produce figure 1. were unfortunately not recorded when creating the figure for the paper. This code contains parameters producing an equally illustrative figure.
In figure 4. of the paper published in the ICASSP proceedings, the emissions for 0m-50m and 300m-1000m were mistakenly shifted to the right by 5 ticks. Their magnitude was however correct. The version of the paper in this repository contains the correct figure. This code also produces the correct figure.
The seeds of the random number generator experiments were unfortunately not recorded when running the synthetic experiments.
[1] A. Stohl, P. Seibert, G. Wotawa, D. Arnold, J. F. Burkhart, S. Eckhardt, C. Tapia, A. Vargas, and T. J. Yasunari, “Xenon- 133 and caesium-137 releases into the atmosphere from the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant: determination of the source term, atmospheric dispersion, and deposition,” Atmos. Chem. Phys., vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 2313–2343, 2012.
2013-2014 (c) M. Martinez-Camara, I. Dokmani\'{c}, J. Ranieri, R. Scheibler, M. Vetterli, and A. Stohl, All the code is published under a CC-BY-SA 3.0 License For details about the license, refer to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/